Europe possesses major scientific capability but has historically lagged the US in private fusion capital formation. This session examines how France and Europe can finance the transition from laboratory systems to commercial deployment.

• What types of capital are required for pilot plants and FOAK systems? 
• How important are public-private partnerships and strategic state support?
• Can Europe finance long-duration deep-tech infrastructure effectively?
• Which milestones matter most in attracting private capital?
• How can Europe retain and scale its fusion companies domestically?